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Author(s): John G Coghlan , Denis Pellerin Added: 3 years ago
Goals in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Treatment Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) arises from pathological thickening, obstruction and constriction of the pulmonary arterioles.1 This leads to progressive elevation of pulmonary pressures initially on exertion, then at rest.2 Symptoms present late, often only when the pressures can rise little further and the cardiac output (CO) falls due… View more

Vascular Disease and Surgery

Imaging & Diagnostics
Author(s): John G Coghlan , Denis Pellerin Added: 3 years ago
Goals in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Treatment Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) arises from pathological thickening, obstruction and constriction of the pulmonary arterioles.1 This leads to progressive elevation of pulmonary pressures initially on exertion, then at rest.2 Symptoms present late, often only when the pressures can rise little further and the cardiac output (CO) falls due… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Author(s): Jason N Dungu Added: 3 years ago
Amyloidosis is a condition characterised by accumulation of pathologic fibrillar proteins in organs causing dysfunction.1 Several protein precursors have been shown to cause amyloidosis.2 Cardiac amyloidosis, when waxy, starch-like deposits infiltrate the heart, is most commonly secondary to the accumulation of amyloid fibrils derived from immunoglobulin light chains (AL) or transthyretin (ATTR)… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Heart Failure
Author(s): Masaaki Takeuchi , Nobuhiko Haruki , Yutaka Otsuji Added: 3 years ago
More than half of the patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have associated sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), which consists of either obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) or central sleep apnoea (CSA).1,2 SDB has deleterious effects on systolic and diastolic ventricular function. In patients with CHF, the presence of SDB results in a poorer prognosis;3,4 thus, its early recognition and adequate… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Heart Failure
Author(s): Florim Cuculi , Michel Zuber , Paul Erne Added: 3 years ago
The introduction of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) strain was a great achievement in echocardiography and for the first time allowed true quantification of regional myocardial function. The central problem with this technique was the angle dependence and the unfavourable signal-to-noise ratio, which has been partially overcome with 2D speckle tracking. Figures 1 and 2 demonstrate application of… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics
Author(s): Hans Joachim Nesser Added: 3 years ago
Wall motion tracking is an application of pattern-matching ultrasound commonly known as speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). STE involves creating a template image using a local myocardial region in the starting frame of the image data. In the ensuing frame, an algorithm searches for the local speckle pattern that most closely matches the template. A movement vector is then created using the… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Heart Failure
Author(s): Jose Luis Zamorano Added: 3 years ago
The clinical and economic impact of heart failure (HF) is well documented. It affects 22 million people worldwide, occurs in at least 2% of the Western adult population and is a progressive condition with high morbidity and mortality rates, placing a significant burden on healthcare resources.3 One of the keys to reducing the clinical and economic impact of HF is accurate and early diagnosis of… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Heart Failure
Author(s): Sebastiaan A Kleijn , Mohamed FA Aly , Otto Kamp Added: 3 years ago
Global and regional left ventricular (LV) function are two of the most common echocardiographic evaluations in daily clinical practice and are essential for the clinical management of patients with various cardiovascular diseases. Global chamber indices such as LV volumes and ejection fraction are used for determining prognosis of patients with ischaemic heart disease, as well as when to plan… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics
Author(s): Muriel Sprynger Added: 3 years ago
Abstract Several imaging techniques (such as ultrasounds, computed tomography [CT] scan, magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], positron emission tomography [PET] scan, etc.) can provide interesting information on subclinical atherosclerosis and plaque stability. In fact sonographic imaging techniques can be very useful in this field. All of them have their limitations, but each of them has its own… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Prevention & Chronic Conditions