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Author(s): Marco Guazzi Added: 3 years ago
Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) are a class of drug that were originally developed as anti-ischaemic agents based on their ability to overexpress the nitric oxide (NO) pathway pursued via cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling. Since the effects on myocardial oxygen consumption determinants were found to be less relevant than expected,1 they were not considered to have a real… View more

Heart Failure
Author(s): Mark CS Hall , Johan EP Waktare Added: 3 years ago
Introduction Since the inception of cardiac pacing, the favoured site has been the right ventricular apex (RVA). The RVA is popular as it is usually straightforward, provides stable lead position and is associated with few complications. A critical re-evaluation of this practice is occurring, however. There is accumulating evidence that RVA pacing causes adverse effects on left ventricular (LV)… View more

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Arturo Evangelista Added: 3 years ago
The International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD) was established in 1996, enrolling patients at large referral centres worldwide. It represents a unique opportunity to assess the current presentation, management and outcome of acute aortic syndrome (AAS). The IRAD is an observational registry with more than 1,500 patients enrolled at 21 tertiary centres in six countries. Collected… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Author(s): Charles Knight , Saidi Mohiddin Added: 3 years ago
The management of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) requires expertise in heart failure, cardiac imaging, electrophysiology, genetic testing and counselling, and in techniques that reduce left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). Following the initial description of alcohol septal ablation (ASA) in 1995,1 it has gained rapid acceptance and is now the most commonly chosen… View more

Heart Failure
Leadless Pacemakers: Current Achievements and Future Perspectives
Author(s): Apostolos Ilias Vouliotis , Paul Roberts , Polychronis Dilaveris , et al Added: 8 months ago

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Brian A Bruckner , Matthias Loebe Added: 3 years ago
The use of mechanical circulatory assist devices is rapidly expanding. Patients in advanced stages of heart failure are implanted with support devices, allowing them to regain a fairly normal level of activity. Presently, more then 3,500 patients live with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The numbers of patients supported with biventricular assist devices or total artificial hearts is… View more

Vascular Disease and Surgery

Heart Failure
Author(s): Florim Cuculi , Michel Zuber , Paul Erne Added: 3 years ago
The introduction of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) strain was a great achievement in echocardiography and for the first time allowed true quantification of regional myocardial function. The central problem with this technique was the angle dependence and the unfavourable signal-to-noise ratio, which has been partially overcome with 2D speckle tracking. Figures 1 and 2 demonstrate application of… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics
Author(s): Martin R Cowie Added: 3 years ago
Introduction Management of heart failure consumes 1% to 2% of the healthcare budget in developed countries, with the largest share due to the cost of hospitalisations.1 A pan-European survey has shown that up to 65% of patients hospitalised with heart failure have a past history of chronic heart failure.2 Such admissions are usually long, with an average duration of 11 days. In-hospital… View more

Heart Failure

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Jun Dong , Hugh Calkins Added: 3 years ago
Transvenous catheter ablation has become a curative treatment for many arrhythmias. Knowing the precise catheter location in relation to true cardiac anatomy will benefit catheter ablation procedures. A novel electroanatomic mapping system (CartoMerge™, Biosense Webster) with the capability of integrating pre-procedural computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) images with… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Peiman Jamshidi , Paul Erne Added: 3 years ago
Multiple variations of congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries exist that may occur in isolation or in association with other congenital anomalies. They can cause myocardial ischaemia. A rare but potentially lethal condition is the anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. As pulmonary pressures fall in newborns with this condition, myocardial perfusion becomes… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Heterogeneous Populations