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Author(s):
Andrea Barison
,
Luigi Emilio Pastormerlo
,
Alberto Giannoni
Added:
3 years ago
Among the various cardiovascular diseases, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality.1 DCM is characterised by the presence of left ventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction in the absence of coronary artery disease or abnormal loading conditions (hypertension, valvular disease).2 It originates from several aetiologies and includes…
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Author(s):
Reginald Liew
Added:
3 years ago
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) can be defined as unexpected death that occurs within one hour of the onset of symptoms or during sleep in a person who was previously stable. The mode of death, which may be due to an arrhythmic or non-arrhythmic cause, depends on the underlying cardiovascular abnormality (mechanical or electrical substrate). SCD remains a major public health problem worldwide and is…
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Author(s):
Gianluigi Savarese
Added:
3 years ago
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of death worldwide.1 Age, sex and genetic factors have a major impact on CV risk. The importance of behavioural factors, such as tobacco and alcohol use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and obesity, is often neglected, although the implementation of lifestyle changes may be a cost-effective strategy for the prevention of CV diseases, also from…
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Author(s):
Antoni Bayés-Genís
Added:
3 years ago
The long-awaited 2016 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for heart failure (HF)1 provide the large amount of novel research in HF since the previous guidelines published in 2012.2 Here, highlights of the 2016 guidelines are presented.
Definition of Heart Failure
The main terminology used to describe HF is historically based on measurement of the left ventricular ejection fraction …
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Author(s):
Iana Simova
Added:
3 years ago
Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) represents the ratio between maximal (stimulated) coronary blood flow, induced by using a coronary vasodilator, and baseline (resting) blood flow (see Figure 1). As a ratio it is a dimensionless variable. It could be measured with different tools – some of them, such as intracoronary Doppler flow wire and coronary sinus thermodilution, are invasive methods…
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Author(s):
William Foster
,
Mark Sopher
Added:
3 years ago
In 1966, following the death of his mentor Professor Harry Heller from ventricular tachycardia (VT), Michel Mirowski began to research a way to prevent future deaths from ventricular arrhythmia, working with Morton Mower and William Staewen in Sinai Hospital, Baltimore. The first human implant of an automated implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) took place in 1980 amid much criticism and…
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Author(s):
Ottavio Alfieri
,
Michele De Bonis
Added:
3 years ago
Despite the absence of randomised comparison, it is widely accepted that, when feasible, valve repair is the optimal surgical treatment in patients with severe degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) due to the well documented advantages of such an approach over valve replacement in terms of perioperative mortality, preservation of postoperative left ventricular (LV) function and long-term…
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Author(s):
Amelia Carro
,
Josefa María Panisello
Added:
3 years ago
Dietary Patterns
Several studies correlate healthy dietary patterns with lower plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory markers.1 These healthy dietary patterns support greater benefits than the potential effects of a single nutrient supplementation. The current body of evidence shows that healthy dietary patterns share similarities, shown in Figure 1.2 These features fit with the report of the…
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Author(s):
Vincent Floré
,
Rik Willems
Added:
3 years ago
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) can be defined as the abrupt cessation of cardiac activity due to an underlying cardiac cause, occurring instantaneously in a previously stable patient and in the absence of non-cardiovascular causes (e.g., trauma, intoxication, drowning, electrocution).1,2 SCA will lead to loss of consciousness within the minute due to insufficient cerebral perfusion. If no immediate…
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Author(s):
Peter Hunold
,
Jörg Barkhausen
Added:
3 years ago
There are many things in life everybody wants more of, and this is particularly true for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The major challenge in the daily life of an MRI professional is gaining maximal image signal and contrast in a reasonable amount of time. The application of gadolinium (Gd)-based MR contrast material has offered contrast features in MRI that have been used and appreciated for…
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