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Author(s): Sophie Mavrogeni , George Markousis-Mavrogenis , Genovefa Kolovou Added: 3 years ago
Systemic means ‘pertaining to or affecting the whole body’ as opposed to a localised condition. A systemic disease is one that affects a number of organs and tissues, or the body as a whole. Systemic diseases, according to WHO classification,1 and cardiac diseases that developed during their course, are listed in Table 1. Download original Thyroid diseases, pheochromocytoma and growth hormone… View more
Author(s): Talla A Rousan , Udho Thadani Added: 3 years ago
Background Definition of Stable Angina Angina pectoris was first defined by William Heberden in 1768. He described it as a smothering sensation or tightness across the front of the chest which may radiate to the left arm or to both arms as well as the jaw or back. It is usually triggered by exercise or emotional stress and it may be aggravated by the ingestion of a heavy meal.1 The pain usually… View more
Author(s): Michael R Massoomi , Eileen M Handberg Added: 3 years ago
Today is an age of rapid digital integration. A decade ago, technological advancement was represented by a bulky desktop computer. With the constant evolution of microprocessors and sophistication of programming, the capacity of the mainframe has been surpassed and miniaturised, so that the pinnacle of technology and innovation is quite literally in the palm of our hands. This opens a world of… View more
Author(s): Antoni Martínez-Rubio , Soledad Ascoeta , Fadwa Taibi , et al Added: 3 years ago
In the last months of 2019 and the beginning of 2020, a novel disease appeared, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a very contagious virus, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The clinical manifestations of this virus in humans vary widely from asymptomatic to severe, with diverse symptomatology and even death. The substantial transmission from… View more
Author(s): Kevin Cheng , Paul Sainsbury , Michael Fisher , et al Added: 3 years ago
Refractory angina (RA) is conventionally defined as a chronic condition (≥3 months in duration) characterised by angina in the setting of coronary artery disease (CAD), which cannot be controlled by a combination of optimal medical therapy, angioplasty or bypass surgery, and where reversible myocardial ischaemia has been clinically established to be the cause of the symptoms.1 In clinical… View more
Author(s): Jaskanwal D Sara , Takumi Toya , Riad Taher , et al Added: 3 years ago
Heart failure (HF) affects more than 6 million people in the US and results in more than 1 million hospitalisations per year.1 In patients aged ≥65 years, there are more hospitalisations for a primary diagnosis of HF than any other condition.2 HF is a debilitating illness, associated with significant morbidity and mortality, rehospitalisation and societal costs.3 Current guidelines and position… View more