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Author(s): Giacinta Guarini , Alda Huqi , Doralisa Morrone , et al Added: 3 years ago
Although cardiovascular mortality has declined progressively in developed countries, ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and chronic stable angina cause a worse prognosis and poor quality of life and can dramatically increase healthcare costs.1–4 Traditionally, chronic stable angina has been interpreted as reversible episodes of myocardial ischaemia due to the presence of coronary artery disease… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions

MI/ACS
Author(s): Christos-Konstantinos Antoniou , Panagiota Manolakou , Nikolaos Magkas , et al Added: 3 years ago
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) has been a cornerstone in the treatment of select advanced heart failure cases since its introduction to our armamentarium in the early 2000s.1 Indeed, 30–60% of advanced heart failure patients exhibit evidence of dyssynchrony, when defined electrocardiographically or mechanically.2–4 The latter is a consequence of the former. CRT has several unique… View more

Heart Failure

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
The Role of Inflammation in Diabetes: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives
Author(s): Sotirios Tsalamandris , Alexios S Antonopoulos , Evangelos Oikonomou , et al Added: 3 years ago
Diabetes is a multifaceted metabolic disorder affecting the glucose status of the human body. Impaired glucose tolerance and hyperglycaemia are the main clinical and diagnostic features and the result of an absolute or relative insulin deficiency or resistance to its action. Chronic hyperglycaemia associated with diabetes can result in end organ dysfunction and failure which can involve the… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
New Perspectives on Atherogenic Dyslipidaemia and Cardiovascular Disease
Author(s): Alberto Lorenzatti , Peter P Toth Added: 3 years ago
We are witnessing an epidemic global increase in the prevalence of obesity and its clinical consequences (e.g. insulin resistance and diabetes). This epidemic has been potentiated and sustained by the widespread adoption of unhealthy lifestyles in broad swathes of the population and is characterised by a sedentary lifestyle and an imbalance between the type and characteristics of nutrition,… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions

MI/ACS
Author(s): Ephraim B Beck , Claudia Walther , Antje Körner , et al Added: 3 years ago
In developed countries cardiovascular diseases – including coronary heart disease with acute myocardial infarction and ischaemic heart failure, stroke and chronic cerebrovascular disease, aortic aneurysm, valve disease and peripheral arterial occlusive disease – are by far the main cause of death. Since first cardiovascular events are usually seen in mid-life and old age, atherosclerosis has long… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
The Effect of Statins on the Functionality
Author(s): Nilofer Sorathia , Hussein Al-Rubaye , Benham Zal Added: 3 years ago
Statins are most frequently prescribed for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease due to their lipid-lowering properties. They are known to exert their effect by competitive inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. The reduction in the synthesis of cholesterol induces upregulation of LDL receptors in the liver, resulting in increased clearance and… View more

Anticoagulation

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Anti-inflammatory Treatment and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Author(s): Alberto Lorenzatti Added: 2 years ago

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Deciphering the Riddles in Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease
Author(s): Amelia Carro , Josefa María Panisello Added: 3 years ago
Dietary Patterns Several studies correlate healthy dietary patterns with lower plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory markers.1 These healthy dietary patterns support greater benefits than the potential effects of a single nutrient supplementation. The current body of evidence shows that healthy dietary patterns share similarities, shown in Figure 1.2 These features fit with the report of the… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Author(s): Marco Guazzi Added: 3 years ago
Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) are a class of drug that were originally developed as anti-ischaemic agents based on their ability to overexpress the nitric oxide (NO) pathway pursued via cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling. Since the effects on myocardial oxygen consumption determinants were found to be less relevant than expected,1 they were not considered to have a real… View more

Heart Failure
Author(s): Esther Godfrey , Julian PJ Halcox Added: 3 years ago
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global epidemic. As life expectancy has increased, chronic degenerative diseases have become a significant healthcare burden, affecting developed and developing countries alike,1 with atherosclerotic disease the leading cause of death according to the WHO.2 The development of effective strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular events at… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions