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Author(s): Douglas Ewan Cannie , Mohammed Majid Akhtar , Perry Elliott Added: 3 years ago
Heart failure is a global health challenge, affecting 1–2% of the population and up to an estimated 64 million people worldwide.1,2 In the UK, just under 1 million people have heart failure, with approximately 350 new diagnoses each year per 100,000 population.3 The lifetime risk of developing heart failure at 55 years of age is 33% for men and 28% for women.4 The heart failure population is… View more

Heart Failure
Author(s): Peter P Swoboda , Adam K McDiarmid , Stephen P Page , et al Added: 3 years ago
Inherited cardiomyopathies are primary disorders of the heart muscle that have a genetic basis. On long-term follow-up they are associated with adverse outcomes, particularly sudden death, arrhythmia and heart failure.1 The diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical, cardiac imaging (primarily with transthoracic echocardiography) and genetic features,2 ideally by a tertiary inherited cardiac… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Heart Failure
Author(s): George Thomas , Emmanuel L Bravo Added: 3 years ago
Distinct hypertensive syndromes causing drug-resistant hypertension are increasingly being recognised. The ability to recognise these disorders has come as a result of a better understanding of their pathogenesis and the availability of sensitive and accurate diagnostic tools. The particular appeal of making the diagnosis centres around the potential curability of the hypertension, with… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Mechanisms of Coronary Artery Spasm
Author(s): Kensuke Nishimiya , Jun Takahashi , Kazuma Oyama , et al Added: 10 months ago

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Author(s): Alberico L Catapano Added: 3 years ago
Introduction Hypercholesterolaemia plays a key role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis and is a proven risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD).1-4 Therapeutic interventions to lower cholesterol levels both in primary and secondary prevention trials show a clear reduction in the incidence of CHD and stroke.5-11 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl co-enzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Author(s): Ricardo A Perez de la Hoz , Sandra Patricia Swieszkowski , Federico Matias Cintora , et al Added: 3 years ago
The aim of reviewing the neuroendocrine–humoral response in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is based on the fact that beyond the distinctive thrombotic event that defines acute occlusion of a coronary artery, generically referred to as a plaque accident, it is not an isolated event. It is clear that a series of physiological and physiopathological mechanisms related to stress – before, during and… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions

MI/ACS
Author(s): Alberto Lorenzatti , Maria Luz Servato Added: 3 years ago
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in most countries. Compelling evidence from epidemiological, genetic and clinical studies as well as experiments in animal models has unquestionably established that elevated concentrations of cholesterol (mainly transported by LDL particles) promote atherosclerotic lesions.1 Although statin-based lipid-lowering therapies have been shown… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Testosterone and the Heart
Author(s): Michael G Kirby , Geoffrey Hackett , Sudarshan Ramachandran Added: 3 years ago
Testosterone deficiency (TD) is a well-established and significant medical condition.1,2 It has been defined as a clinical and biochemical syndrome, associated with older age and comorbidities.3 It is characterised by a deficiency in serum androgen levels, with or without reduced genomic sensitivity to androgens.2 The latter relates to the functionality of androgen receptors. For example, if… View more

Heart Failure

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women: Closing the Gap
Author(s): Aarti Thakkar , Anandita Agarwala , Erin D Michos Added: 2 years ago

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Curcumin in Lifestyle Diseases
Author(s): Kana Shimizu , Masafumi Funamoto , Yoichi Sunagawa , et al Added: 3 years ago
Inflammation involves an array of processes in response to tissue damage resulting from oxidative stress or other causes and triggers repair, such as subsequent extracellular matrix remodelling and fibrosis.1–3 Chronic inflammation continues for a prolonged period, lasting from several months to several years, and is characterised by tissue invasion by inflammatory macrophages. This induces the… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions