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Author(s): Todd D Miller , J Wells Askew Added: 3 years ago
Case Study A 47-year-old male truck driver with no previous history of heart disease presents for his annual Department of Transportation physical. He has noticed mild dyspnoea when climbing stairs but not with other activities of daily living. He denies chest discomfort, palpitations, orthopnoea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea or ankle oedema. His risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD)… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Marcelo F Di Carli
Job title: Director, CV Imaging
Personal History Dr Marcelo Fernando DiCarli is the Executive Director of Cardiovascular Imaging program and Chief of the Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. He is also the Seltzer Family Professor of Radiology and Medicine at Harvard Medical School.2 Academic History He got his M.D. from University of Buenos… View more
Author(s): Pablo Del Castillo-Vásquez , Núria Casanovas , Marcel Santaló-Corcoy , et al Added: 3 years ago
Topic: 2. Ischemic Heart Disease Introduction and Objectives Pharmacologic cardiac stress SPECT (PS-SPECT) is recommended for non-invasive evaluation of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in patients unable to exercise. Drugs used for stress in our centre are Dipyridamole (DIP) and Dobutamine (DBT). DIP can be associated to exercise (ex-DIP). The objective of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

MI/ACS
Author(s): Mario Petretta , Carmela Nappi , Alberto Cuocolo Added: 3 years ago
The application of nuclear medicine techniques to cardiology is based on the identification of the functional consequences of coronary stenoses, i.e. of myocardial ischaemia. In nuclear cardiology, the evaluation of myocardial perfusion with single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) is the most commonly performed procedure. The SPECT study is currently performed with electrocardiogram … View more

Imaging & Diagnostics
Author(s): Santo Dellegrottaglie , Pierluigi Costanzo , Stefania Paolillo , et al Added: 3 years ago
In Europe, subjects >65 years of age currently constitute 17% of the entire population, with some variations between countries (see Figure 1).1 More importantly, as a consequence of the ageing population, elderly subjects are expected to account for 30% of the European population by 2050. Currently, cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in Europe (~20% of all causes) and more than… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics
Author(s): Tito Kabir , Adel Aminian , Andrea Zuffi , et al Added: 3 years ago
The benefit of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) over hospital-based thrombolysis for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has been established beyond reasonable doubt.1 However, thrombolysis remains an effective and widely used therapy for a significant proportion of STEMI patients and is particularly effective within two hours of the onset of symptoms.2 There may also be… View more

Intervention
Imaging Techniques for the Assessment of Coronary Flow Reserve
Author(s): Mario Petretta , Pierluigi Costanzo , Alberto Cuocolo Added: 3 years ago
Myocardial blood flow (MBF) must respond to changes in metabolic conditions and oxygen requests to meet the needs of myocytes, and autoregulation plays a mayor role in the control of coronary circulation.1–3 It has been demonstrated that, as a coronary artery is progressively narrowed, resting flow does not change at first, but maximal flow (achieved by injecting a vasodilator) decreases… View more

Anticoagulation

Intervention
Measuring Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction - Techniques and Potential Pitfalls
Author(s): Thomas A Foley , Sunil V Mankad , Nandan S Anavekar , et al Added: 12 years ago
Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is one of the most commonly reported measures of left ventricular (LV) systolic function. It is the ratio of blood ejected during systole (stroke volume) to blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole (end-diastolic volume). If the LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV) are known, LVEF can be determined using the following equation:… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Heart Failure
Author(s): WY Wandy Chan , Richard W Troughton Added: 3 years ago
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and acute pulmonary embolism (APE) are leading causes of hospital admission and mortality. Accurate risk stratification is important for both conditions to guide management and the use of therapies that lead to improved outcomes. Acute Coronary Syndromes Despite a steady decline in developed countries, ischaemic heart disease is still the leading cause of death… View more

MI/ACS
Author(s): Alda Huqi , Giacinta Guarini , Doralisa Morrone , et al Added: 3 years ago
Myocardial revascularisation in patients with stable chronic angina is performed with the aim of reducing cardiovascular death, reducing myocardial infarction (MI) and relieving angina symptoms. However, contrary to expectations, modern therapy with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not had a significant impact on hard outcomes.1–5 Indeed, as also summarised in a recently published… View more

Vascular Disease and Surgery

Prevention & Chronic Conditions