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Author(s):
Otto Kamp
,
Gabriel Valocik
Added:
3 years ago
Background
Echocardiography has evolved into the most predominant diagnostic imaging technique in cardiology. Over the last five decades the diagnostic capability of echocardiography has increased dramatically from M-mode to two-dimensional (2-D) imaging. Recent advances in ultrasound instrumentation and computer technology have led to three-dimensional (3-D) echocardiography, introducing a new…
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Author(s):
Florim Cuculi
,
Michel Zuber
,
Paul Erne
Added:
3 years ago
The introduction of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) strain was a great achievement in echocardiography and for the first time allowed true quantification of regional myocardial function. The central problem with this technique was the angle dependence and the unfavourable signal-to-noise ratio, which has been partially overcome with 2D speckle tracking. Figures 1 and 2 demonstrate application of…
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Author(s):
Tracey Keteepe-Arachi
,
Sanjay Sharma
Added:
3 years ago
Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality in women. Approximately 2.8 million women have been diagnosed with CVD in the UK.1 For many years, the presence of gender-related differences in presentation, risk factors and outcomes have been recognised. Importantly, these discrepancies in presentation and outcomes between the sexes are often associated with…
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Author(s):
Sascha Beck
,
Valeria Martínez Pereyra
,
Andreas Seitz
,
et al
Added:
2 years ago
Author(s):
Jos RTC Roelandt
Added:
3 years ago
Although 2-D echocardiography (2DE) was a major step forwards for the non-invasive assessment of cardiac structure and function, the diagnosis of complex disorders remained a difficult mental conceptualisation process. In addition, the measurement of left ventricular (LV) volume and function, the most common referral reason for echocardiography, required important geometric assumptions about its…
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Author(s):
Lukas Lehmkuhl
,
Matthias Gutberlet
,
Stefan Nitzsche
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
Since the introduction of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) in 1998, non-invasive cardiac imaging has developed rapidly. In the recent past, two different objectives can be observed in the technological development of cardiac MSCT. On the one hand, the number of detector rows was increased up to 320 in single-source scanners in order to ensure simultaneous coverage of the entire heart with a…
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Author(s):
Jose Luis Zamorano
Added:
3 years ago
2D echocardiography (2DE) is a common diagnostic and treatment planning tool in clinical cardiology, especially for the assessment of left ventricular (LV) volume and function. However, traditional 2DE is severely limited by its dependence on geometrical assumptions, which can lead to inaccuracies in volume quantification.1 Because 3D echocardiographic (3DE) imaging eliminates geometrical…
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Author(s):
Roxy Senior
Added:
3 years ago
Stress echocardiography, which was introduced in the early 1980s, has matured to a reliable cost-effective method for diagnosing and risk-stratifying patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD). The use of stress echocardiography as the non-invasive method of choice for assessment of CAD has increased exponentially worldwide. In the US alone, approximately three million stress…
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Author(s):
Iana Simova
Added:
3 years ago
Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) represents the ratio between maximal (stimulated) coronary blood flow, induced by using a coronary vasodilator, and baseline (resting) blood flow (see Figure 1). As a ratio it is a dimensionless variable. It could be measured with different tools – some of them, such as intracoronary Doppler flow wire and coronary sinus thermodilution, are invasive methods…
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Author(s):
Mark J Monaghan
Added:
3 years ago
Stress echocardiography is a widely used clinical technique that provides invaluable information in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Common applications of stress echo include the diagnosis of reversible ischaemia, myocardial viability, and establishing the functional significance of known coronary lesions. Stress echo has been shown to have similar sensitivity and…
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