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3 years ago
There is a great concern among both health professionals and the public about the best way of managing the current explosion in adult and adolescent obesity. In the US, the prevalence of obese teenagers between 1980 and 2007 increased from 5 to 18 %1 and the UK has seen a similar trend, especially in boys (see Figure 1). Since a substantial proportion of obese teenagers become obese adults,2,3 it…
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3 years ago
In developed countries cardiovascular diseases – including coronary heart disease with acute myocardial infarction and ischaemic heart failure, stroke and chronic cerebrovascular disease, aortic aneurysm, valve disease and peripheral arterial occlusive disease – are by far the main cause of death. Since first cardiovascular events are usually seen in mid-life and old age, atherosclerosis has long…
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3 years ago
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease in western countries.1,2 It is closely associated with obesity, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and the metabolic syndrome, and shares common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms with these entities.2,3 NAFLD can be associated with hepatocellular damage and inflammation and is then called non-alcoholic…
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3 years ago
Atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis-related complications such as coronary, cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial disease show their clinical manifestation in adulthood. However, changes at the endothelial level do not occur suddenly in the elderly, but are the result of a long, on-going, slowly evolving process. We know from autopsy studies that atherosclerotic processes begin in childhood and…
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3 years ago
Mounting evidence suggests that atherosclerosis begins in early childhood,1,2 possibly already during foetal life.3 This underscores the importance of primary prevention in early life. As many people suffering from atherosclerotic disease lack conventional risk factors (e.g. heredity, dyslipidaemia, smoking, obesity, diabetes and hypertension), interest has gradually increased in research on 'non…
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3 years ago
Primordial Prevention – What Does It Mean?
In 1978, Strasser suggested that prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) should go beyond the concept of primary prevention. He coined the term ‘primordial prevention’ to denote activities that prevented the penetration of risk factors into the population1 by intervening to stop the appearance of the risk factors. The 3rd International Heart Health…
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7 months ago
Join the Late-breaker host, Dr Harriette Van Spall (McMaster University, CA) and Dr Milton Packer (Baylor University Medical Center, US) for a thought-provoking discussion on the present and future of heart failure care at ESC Congress 2023.
In this unique exchange, Dr Packer shares his thoughts on heart failure guidelines and the '2023 Focused Update of the 2021 ESC Guidelines for the…
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3 years ago
The endothelium, which was initially considered to be a semipermeable barrier separating lumen from vessel wall, is now recognised as a complex endocrine organ responsible for a variety of physiological processes vital for vascular homeostasis. These include the regulation of vascular tone, luminal diameter and blood flow; haemostasis and thrombolysis; platelet and leucocyte vessel-wall…
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3 years ago
Over the last 30–40 years in most Western countries, for the first time the number of people developing coronary artery disease (CAD) and mortality rates from cardiovascular disease has gradually decreased. This reduction has been mainly achieved using nationwide atherosclerotic risk-factor control programmes. Nevertheless, cardiovascular diseases remain the major cause of premature death in the…
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3 years ago
Historically pregnancy has been viewed as only clinically relevant to women and for the relatively brief time from conception to the puerperium. However it is now clear that events during pregnancy have much longer-term implications, particularly for cardiovascular health, both for the mother and her offspring.
Pregnancy complications such as hypertension and preterm birth appear to serve as a…
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