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Author(s): Charlotte Eitel , Gerhard Hindricks , Christopher Piorkowski Added: 3 years ago
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is an established therapy for patients with drug-refractory, highly symptomatic systolic heart failure (HF) and delayed ventricular conduction.1 CRT devices are designed to synchronise the mechanical activity within the left ventricle, between the left and the right ventricle and between the atria and ventricles. Resynchronisation induces reverse… View more

Heart Failure

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Markus Flesch Added: 3 years ago
Introduction Chronic heart failure (HF) is a common, malignant disease and is a major economic burden for healthcare systems in developed nations. It affects 5% to 10% of all people. In Germany, approximately 150,000 people are newly diagnosed with HF per year. Fifteen per cent of approximately 1.6 million HF patients in Germany are in advanced HF status, being classified as stage III-IV… View more

Heart Failure
Author(s): David D Daly Jr , Michael R Gold Added: 3 years ago
Interventricular conduction delay is common in patients with systolic heart failure (HF) and has been associated with a poor prognosis amongst these patients.1 Abnormal ventricular depolarization results in prolonged ventricular activation time and increased myocardial tension thus increasing myocardial oxygen consumption and decreasing ventricular diastolic filling time. In addition,… View more

Heart Failure

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Jagmeet P Singh Added: 3 years ago
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) has achieved widespread approval as a safe and efficient therapeutic strategy for medically refractory congestive heart failure (CHF). The standard indications for CRT include patients with advanced heart failure and evidence of systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction [EF] ≤35%), conduction tissue disease (QRS duration ≥120ms) and marked cardiac symptoms … View more

Heart Failure

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
2021 ESC Guidelines on Cardiac Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy
Author(s): Gheorghe-Andrei Dan Added: 2 years ago

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Christos-Konstantinos Antoniou , Panagiota Manolakou , Nikolaos Magkas , et al Added: 3 years ago
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) has been a cornerstone in the treatment of select advanced heart failure cases since its introduction to our armamentarium in the early 2000s.1 Indeed, 30–60% of advanced heart failure patients exhibit evidence of dyssynchrony, when defined electrocardiographically or mechanically.2–4 The latter is a consequence of the former. CRT has several unique… View more

Heart Failure

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Maurizio Gasparini , Alessio Cappelleri , Paola Galimberti , et al Added: 3 years ago
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is an important device-based, non-pharmacological approach that has been shown to improve the outcome in selected patients with chronic heart failure (HF). Large randomised trials have clearly demonstrated that CRT improves left ventricular (LV) function and reduces both morbidity and mortality rates.1–5 Until a few years ago, CRT was indicated in patients… View more

Heart Failure

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia